我说的是Robert Morrison在A Dictionary of the Chinese Language: In Three Parts这本字典里面用的拼音，1815年成书。
他说：
What is called the Mandarin Dialect or 官话 Kwan hwa, is spoken generally in 江南 Keang nan and 河南 Ho nan Provinces, in both of which, the Court once resided; hence the Dialects of those places gained the ascendancy over the other Provincial Dialects, on the common principle of the Court Dialect, becoming amongst People of education the standard Dialect.
他说：
What is called the Mandarin Dialect or 官话 Kwan hwa, is spoken generally in 江南 Keang nan and 河南 Ho nan Provinces, in both of which, the Court once resided; hence the Dialects of those places gained the ascendancy over the other Provincial Dialects, on the common principle of the Court Dialect, becoming amongst People of education the standard Dialect.
