近期埃弗顿对阵曼联比赛中被吹掉的这个进球很有意思，所以特地去英足总官方网站翻了越位规则，纯当科普娱乐。我会有自己的结论，但我不想引战，毕竟我不是权威机构，我说的也不算数，且一切已成定局。
以下是原文来自英足总官方网站中足球规则里第11号规则：越位。
图片太大，放不上来，省了。
Offside position
It is not an offence to be in an offside position.
A player is in an offside position if:
any part of the head, body or feet is in the opponents’ half (excluding the halfway line) and
any part of the head, body or feet is nearer to the opponents’ goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent
The hands and arms of all players, including the goalkeepers, are not considered.
A player is not in an offside position if level with the:
second-last opponent or
last two opponents
Offside offence
A player in an offside position at the moment the ball is played or touched* by a team-mate is only penalised on becoming involved in active play by:
interfering with play by playing or touching a ball passed or touched by a team-mate or
interfering with an opponent by:
preventing an opponent from playing or being able to play the ball by clearly obstructing the opponent’s line of vision or challenging an opponent for the ball
or
clearly attempting to play a ball which is close when this action impacts on an opponent or
making an obvious action which clearly impacts on the ability of an opponent to play the ball
*The first point of contact of the 'play' or 'touch' of the ball should be used
or
gaining an advantage by playing the ball or interfering with an opponent when it has:
rebounded or been deflected off the goalpost, crossbar or an opponent
been deliberately saved by any opponent
A player in an offside position receiving the ball from an opponent who deliberately plays the ball (except from a deliberate save by any opponent) is not considered to have gained an advantage.
A ‘save’ is when a player stops, or attempts to stop, a ball which is going into or very close to the goal with any part of the body except the hands/arms (unless the goalkeeper within the penalty area).
In situations where:
a player moving from, or standing in, an offside position is in the way of an opponent and interferes with the movement of the opponent towards the ball this is an offside offence if it impacts on the ability of the opponent to play or challenge for the ball; if the player moves into the way of an opponent and impedes the opponent's progress (e.g blocks the opponent) the offence should be penalised under Law 12
a player in an offisde position is moving towards the ball with the intention of playing the ball and is fouled before playing or attempting to play the ball, or challenging an opponent for the ball, the foul is penalised as it has occurred before the offside offence
an offence is committed against a player in an offside position who is already playing or attempting to play the ball, or challenging an opponent for the ball, the offside offence is penalised as it has occurred before the foul challenge
No offence
There is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from:
a goal kick
a throw-in
a corner kick
Offences and sanctions
If an offside offence occurs, the referee awards an indirect free kick where the offence occurred, including if it is in the player’s own half of the field of play.
A defending player who leaves the field of play without the referee’s permission shall be considered to be on the goal line or touchline for the purposes of offside until the next stoppage in play or until the defending team has played the ball towards the halfway line and it is outside its penalty area. If the player left the field of play deliberately, the player must be cautioned when the ball is next out of play.
An attacking player may step or stay off the field of play not to be involved in active play. If the player re-enters from the goal line and becomes involved in play before the next stoppage in play, or the defending team has played the ball towards the halfway line and it is outside its penalty area, the player shall be considered to be positioned on the goal line for the purposes of offside. A player who deliberately leaves the field of play and re-enters without the referee’s permission and is not penalised for offside and gains an advantage, must be cautioned.
If an attacking player remains stationary between the goalposts and inside the goal as the ball enters the goal, a goal must be awarded unless the player commits an offside offence or Law 12 offence in which case play is restarted with an indirect or direct free kick.

这曾楼只翻译越位定义，懂了的就跳过，下一层开始再翻译关键内容，都会中英对照。
首先明确一下概念
It is not an offence to be in an offside position.
越位不是犯规。（犯规是12号文件里的内容，越位是11号）
处在越位位置的判别：（并非越位定义，处在越位位置不一定越位）
A player is in an offside position if:
any part of the head, body or feet is in the opponents’ half
(excluding the halfway line) and
any part of the head, body or feet is nearer to the opponents’ goal
line than both the ball and the second-last opponent
The hands and arms of all players, including the goalkeepers, are not
considered.
A player is not in an offside position if level with the:
second-last opponent or
last two opponents
攻方球员被视为处于越位位置，如果他：
头、躯干、脚的任何部分都在对方半场（不包括中线）内，
并且头、躯干、脚的任何部分都比球以及倒数第二个防守方球员更接近对方的球门线。
不考虑所有球员的手和手臂，包括守门员。
如果攻方球员与以下球员持平，则该球员不处于越位位置：
倒数第二个防守方球员或
最后两个防守方球员

关于乌龙传球的描述在此
gaining an advantage by playing the ball or interfering with an
opponent when it has:
当对手有下列情况时，通过踢球或干扰对手而获得优势【视为越位】：
rebounded or been deflected off the goalpost, crossbar or an opponent
从门柱、横梁或对防守球员身上产生反弹或偏斜
been deliberately saved by any opponent
被防守球员蓄意救球
A player in an offside position receiving the ball from an opponent who
deliberately plays the ball (except from a deliberate save by any
opponent) is not considered to have gained an advantage.
处于越位位置的球员从故意触碰皮球的对手那里接球（任何对手故意救球除外）
不被认为获得了优势。
【这条规则与以往有很大的不同，原本防守方球员碰球后被攻方球员拿到不算越
位，但是新规中，防守球员故意救球的行为导致的球路变化被排除在外了，如果
马奎尔的折射导致地上的埃弗顿球员碰到皮球，那会算越位位置获利，但是没碰
到球，直接乌龙进球了，那就只剩一种解释方法，就是坐地球员干扰了曼联球员
，干扰了谁，德赫亚吗？缩腿前德赫亚已经早就做出了预判扑救，这还能被干扰
？就好像射门行为，球都已经被踢出去了，还能被干扰吗？】

综上所述，从规则上讲，马奎尔的乌龙救球如果碰到了埃弗顿球员，则算攻方获
利，但是没碰到，直接进门了，这就很大的争议，因为要判断埃弗顿坐地球员是
否干扰曼联球员。在马奎尔触球以前，德赫亚已经先行做出了正确的扑救预判，
之后马奎尔触球，而埃弗顿球员避让，此时德赫亚由于之前的正确预判而重心右
移，无法再往左扑了，这个原因并不是坐地的埃弗顿球员造成的，不应该算干扰
才对。
意义：越位位置的乌龙助攻从越位规则中被拔除了，以后越位接乌龙救球打门无
效，越位规则变得更加严厉更加偏向防守方。这个事件中攻方球员是否算干扰防
守方球员成了判断的最终依据，我主观判断难免偏颇。

全文里还有一个值得科普的地方，就是“No offence”也就是不越位的特殊情况，是这么描述的。
There is no offside offence if a player receives the ball directly from:
a goal kick
a throw-in
a corner kick
这些情况不算越位，如果球员直接从以下情况中接到皮球：
球门球
界外球
角球
【进攻角球，进攻界外球和开球门球的时候，没有越位规则，大家当做科普了解就行。不过这条以前真的存在吗？】

解释那么多没用太糖的2分已经被偷了

这球确实争议很大，公说公有理，婆说婆有理，以后媒体盘点足坛史上的各种争议案例时，这个球应该也会当成了争议案例分析吧～

确实，最大争议就是倒地球员有没有干扰到门将了，这个存在太多主观判断，只能说有裁判会吹，有的裁判不会吹

球员不动，那球就会打在门前一障碍物上，并不一定能进。越位球员做了了动作，球路上障碍物消失，导致进球。越位球员实际参与进攻并得利。。。球场障碍物是否应该先排除再继续比赛，可以参考当年利物浦被自家气球阻挡折射进球的事例。有异物导致足球改变方向不比赛继续。。这一点不知道有没有和这赛季修改的裁判碰到球判坠球一样有更改。。

1参照利物浦的案例，球碰阻挡不改变接下来比赛过程。那么可以假设不把球员看成越位球员，而是一个障碍物，那球被挡不会直接进，那曼抬埃弗顿这场比赛就以没直接进球的方式继续。埃弗顿能不能抓住机会进球，不知道，没发生。2如果碰到越位球员，判阻挡，那以没进球的状态吹停比赛，进球也不会发生。。。这一个球裁判判无效应该是类似一种举证责任倒置的情况，是获利状态倒置。碰球，球不进。躲球，球进，越位位置球员选择的处理方式导致未必进球的局面变成进球，进球概率上升，进攻方获利。。个人是这样理解裁判判罚的。。

问题就在于西古森有个抬腿躲球的举动，不抬腿球应该打在他腿上停下来的，这个动作有可能把守门员晃了，当然这个球德赫亚肯定是扑不倒的，但是裁判可不会具体问题具体分析，尤其对慢🐶

按你这么说罚任意球的时候我是不是可以越位到门将前面晃或者躺着

这么说吧，如果西古森不动碰到球肯定是越位，也就是说为了避免越位缩腿了，结果还是越位，反正只要有人在曼联的越位线以内进球就是无效，这就是曼联厉害的地方了啊！